Samuel F.B. Morse

(1791 - 1919)
(The electric telegraph)

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From 1837 Morse gave the telegraph his full attention, having set up in partnership with Alfred Vail, Professor Leonard Gail, and congressman F O J Smith. Vail provided funds and facilities at the family ironworks, and Smith legal expertise. There’s an irony, therefore, that disagreements with Vail led to litigation; Vail provided funds for lawyers, too. The telgraph was eventually patented in Morse’s name alone, an event granted by the US Supreme Court in 1854. Morse’s decision to abandon painting was possibly due in part to his failure in 1836 to secure a commission to paint the Rotunda of the Capitol building, a commission he had expected. He did not entirely lose contact with his art, being President of the National Academy of Designfrom 1826 to 1845.

The first message sent by the electric telegraph was "What hath God wrought", from the Supreme Court Room in the Capitol to the railway depot at Baltimore on May 24th 1844. There is a website on this topic. The words were chosen by Annie Ellsworth; in one letter Morse wrote this phrase with ‘God’ capitalised and underlined twice.

Christopher Sholes

(1819 - 1890)
(The Typewriter)

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Born on February 14, 1819, in Mooresburg, Pennsylvania, Christopher Latham Sholes moved to Danville, Pennsylvania, as a teenager. It was here that Sholes learned the printer’s trade by working as an apprentice to a printer. At age 18, Sholes relocated to Green Bay, Wisconsin, joining his 2 brothers; Henry and Charles. Sholes was editor of the Wisconsin Enquirer for a short while before relocating to Kenosha, WI in 1845, to become editor/publisher of the Southport Telegraph which he continued to publish for 17 years. He also dabbled in politics; serving in the Wisconsin Senate from 1848-1849 and 1856-1857 and in the Wisconsin State Assembly from 1852-1853. Sholes served as postmaster in Milwaukee during the Civil War and later as port collector and as commissioner of public works.

Johannes Gutenberg

(1394 - 1468)
(The Printing Press)

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The earliest dated printed book known is the "Diamond Sutra", printed in China in 868 CE. However, it is suspected that book printing may have occurred long before this date.

In 1041, movable clay type was first invented in China. Johannes Gutenberg, a goldsmith and businessman from the mining town of Mainz in southern Germany, borrowed money to invent a technology that changed the world of printing. Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press with replaceable/moveable wooden or metal letters in 1436 (completed by 1440). This method of printing can be credited not only for a revolution in the production of books, but also for fostering rapid development in the sciences, arts and religion through the transmission of texts.

Guglielmo

(April 25, 1874 - July 20, 1937)
(The Nobel Prize in Physics 1909)

 

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Guglielmo Marconi was born at Bologna, Italy, on April 25, 1874, the second son of Giuseppe Marconi, an Italian country gentleman, and Annie Jameson, daughter of Andrew Jameson of Daphne Castle in the County Wexford, Ireland. He was educated privately at Bologna, Florence and Leghorn. Even as a boy he took a keen interest in physical and electrical science and studied the works of Maxwell, Hertz, Righi, Lodge and others. In 1895 he began laboratory experiments at his father's country estate at Pontecchio where he succeeded in sending wireless signals over a distance of one and a half miles.

In 1896 Marconi took his apparatus to England where he was introduced to Mr. (later Sir) William Preece, Engineer-in-Chief of the Post Office, and later that year was granted the world's first patent for a system of wireless telegraphy. He demonstrated his system successfully in London, on Salisbury Plain and across the Bristol Channel, and in July 1897 formed The Wireless Telegraph & Signal Company Limited (in 1900 re-named Marconi's Wireless Telegraph Company Limited). In the same year he gave a demonstration to the Italian Government at Spezia where wireless signals were sent over a distance of twelve miles. In 1899 he established wireless communication between France and England across the English Channel. He erected permanent wireless stations at The Needles, Isle of Wight, at Bournemouth and later at the Haven Hotel, Poole, Dorset.

Albert Einstein

(1879-1955)

(General Relativity and Special Relativity)

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Einstein and relativity theory at the right time comes, if it is associated with the development history of nations in the world. Proverbial shoots in love, side dish arrived. The development is the rise of modern Germany, the birth of nuclear weapons, and the birth of Zionism. These events do more to explain about the development of modern Germany. But the German position at that time very influential and has influenced world civilization that was hit by the second world war. This fact is important to note, because of the emergence of Einstein and his theory of relativity was so phenomenal. If only the theory of relativity appeared in the 20th century, it may be there is a difference that is so fundamental and public response will show a different reaction.

Some of the things pertaining to Einstein's personal life also need to leverage writers.As a scientist phenomenal figure, Einstein's life and personality into the interesting part to be discussed. Perhaps until now only a figure of Einstein are able menggangkat like a scientist profile celebrities and public figures. Its appearance always attracts public attention, especially for the hunter news.

Galileo Galilei

(1564-1642)

(Telescopes and Astronomers)

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Travel fate of Galileo at the time it depends on the result of court decisions that take place in the courtroom of the Vatican, a special area in the city of Rome. Session chaired by Pope Urban VIII, the leader of the Catholic Church, on June 22, 1633, will decide the sentences handed down to a scientist aged sixty-nine-year-old named Galileo Galilei. If only at that time people have become aware that a prisoner on trial once it was a great astronomer who laid the foundation for modern physics views about the solar system, may not be a life sentence to be decided.

The decision was taken because of Galileo is considered to bring an evil cult that is considered dangerous for the Catholic Church. Although the bishops were personally familiar with Galileo was a devout Catholic and not at all adherents of the teachings of the reform. Astronomer, philosopher and physicist believes that Italy was not the Earth, but the sun is the center of the solar system. Keyakinannnya matching with what is expressed by Nicolaus Copernicus, Polish astronomer, in a book entitled "Revolution Soccer Ball-Sky". In the book, Copernicus declared that the Earth is a planet orbiting around the Sun.

Wright Brothers

(1871 - 1912)

(Aircraft)

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Wright brothers (Wright brothers), Orville (August 19 1871-30 January 1948) and Wilbur (16 April 1867-30 May 1912) are two Americans who were recorded as the inventor of the aircraft because they managed to build an aircraft that was first successfully flown and controlled by humans on December 17, 1903.

Two years after their discovery, the two brothers was to develop 'flying machine' them to form an aircraft taking wing as we now know. Although they are not the people who first make trial or experiment aircraft, the Wright brothers was the first to find the control of the aircraft so that aircraft flying with wings attached to rigid can be controlled.

Thomas Alva Edison

(February 11, 1847 - October 18, 1931)

(Light bulb)

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Thomas Alva Edison was the inventor of America and is one of the greatest inventors in history. Edison began working at a very young age and continued working until his death. During his career, Thomas Alva Edison had been around from 1093 to patent his invention, including an electric light bulb and the gramophone, as well as film cameras. All three findings raise major industries for the electric industry, recording and film that ultimately affect the lives of people around the world. He is also known as the inventor of applying the principle of 'mass production' for his discoveries.

The first light bulb

Edison's own gain expertise in the field of electricity and telegraphy (the telegraph for communication) during the teenage years. In 1868, at age 21, she has developed and patent his invention in the form of a machine that records the telegraph.

Rudolf Diesel

(March 18, 1858 - September 29, 1913)

(Diesel Engine)

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Rudolf Christian Karl Diesel was the engine of the German scholar and is the inventor of the Diesel Engine.

Diesel was born in Paris, France in 1858 of German parents and immigrated to France. Diesel childhood spent partly in France until the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian war in 1870. His family was forced to evacuate to move to London, England.And before the war ended, his mother sent Rudolf Diesel, who were aged 12 years to stay in Augsburg with his uncle and aunt to be able to speak in German and educated at Royal County Trade School, where his uncle to teach math there.

Marie Curie

(November 7, 1867 - July 4, 1934)

(Radioactive)

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Marie Curie was a chemist and Polish-born French physicist who until now were the only people who ever get the Nobel Prize in two different fields, namely physics and chemistry. His invention makes Marie Curie in the field of radioactivity into the list of influential inventors to the world. Marie Curie was the first woman Nobel Prize winner and also was the first woman to become professor at the university, Universities of Paris. Although the French nationality, Marie Curie has never lost a sense of pride as the Poles. His first discovery of chemical elements found in 1898 was named "polonium" and the subsequent discovery is radium a few months later. Radium is a radioactive substance that is widely used in the medical field and medicine, mostly to eliminate cancer by shining on the cancer cells with the radioactive substance.

Karl Benz

(November 25, 1844 - April 4,1929)

(Cars with Gasoline Fuel)

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Karl Friedrich Benz was the German scholar who is known as the inventor of the car with gasoline (gazoline). Although at the same time Gottlieb Daimler who paired with Wilhelm Maybach also work researching engine with gasoline as well, Benz first complete discovery and invention patented in 1879.

1885, Karl Benz built Motorwagen, the first car sold commercially. The car is a car with four-stroke engine with gasoline designed. Benz is also the inventor of automobile components such as car ignition, spark plugs, car transmission system, water radiator and carburetor.

James Watt

(January 19, 1736 - August 25, 1819)

(Steam Engine)

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James Watt was an inventor who developed the steam engine which became the basis of the Industrial Revolution.

James Watt was born on January 19, 1736 in Greenock, a seaport on the Firth of Clyde, Scotland. His father was a ship owner and contractor, while his mother, Agnes Muirhead, came from respectable and educated family.

Watt did not attend school regularly and more but was educated at home by his mother. He showed incredible agility and talent to an exact science like mathematics, although Latin and Greek does not move his heart, he liked the legend and folklore Scotland.

When she was 18 years old, his mother died and his father's health began to decline slowly, Watts traveled to London to continue the study on the manufacture of instruments and equipment for one year, then returned to Scotland with the aim of making your own instrument-making business. But because he did not complete his seven-year study as apprentices (students who work while studying), request to open the business is hampered, though at that time there has been no mathematical instruments and equipment makers in Scotland.

Isaac Newton

(January 4, 1643 - March 31, 1727)

(Gravity theory)

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Sir Isaac Newton was a physicist, mathematics, astronomy, chemistry and philosopher who was born in England. The book, written and published in 1687, Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica, described as the most influential books in the history of science. This work describes the laws of gravity and the three principles of (legal) movement, which changed the perception of the physical laws of nature during the next three centuries and became the foundation of modern science.

In 1670 until 1672, Newton provides lessons on optics. And during this period, he himself investigated the refraction of light (refraction: changes in the direction of a wave due to changes in speed) and give demonstrations that a prism can break white light into various color spectrum and a prism lens in the second, can form the color spectrum into a single white light again

Dorothy Crowford Hodgkin

(1910-1994)

(Winner of 1963 Nobel Chemistry)

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Childless mother of three, is not an ordinary mother. He is the third female winner of Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1963 after Madame Curie and her daughter Irene Curie Juliot, and he also was the second woman to receive the Order of Merit award from Queen Elizabeth II after Florence Nightingale.

Very lucky little Dorothy was born in the midst of the British academic elite environment overseas. He was born in Cairo, Egypt, which at that time were British colonies, at the time his father served in the there and worked for the Egyptian Education Service. His mother also was a botanist and textile expert who spends his spare time to create illustrations of plants.

Charles Babbage

(December 26, 1791 - October 18, 1871)

(Initiator of the First Computer Machinery)

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Charles Babbage (born December 26, 1791 and died October 18, 1871 at age 79 years) is a British mathematician who originated the idea of a computer that can be programmed. Some of the machines he developed though not complete, can now be viewed at London's Science Museum.

In 1991, using Babbage's original plans, a differential engine was developed and this machine can function perfectly, proving that Babbage's idea of this machine can indeed be implemented.

Benjamin Franklin

(January 17, 1706 - April 17, 1790)

(Lightning Rod and Glasses)

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Benjamin Franklin is the author, politician, scientist, diplomat and inventor of the invention opens a deeper understanding in the field of electricity. He found a lightning rod, glasses, the odometer (mileage gauges on the vehicle) and music equipment.Franklin is also known as one of the Founding Fathers (Founding Father) of the United States. Benjamin Franklin is considered as being an important role in the founding of the United States, because Benjamin is one of the designers of the declaration of American independence and signed the declaration.

Benjamin Franklin was born in Boston, Massachusetts, the 15th child of 17 brothers.His father worked as a soap and candle maker. He learned to read in a very young age and attended normal school for one year and studied under private teachers for one year. Franklin only attended for two years. At the age of 12 years, Franklin worked in the printing of his brother. When Ben (Benjamin's nickname) was 15 years old, Ben scored the newspaper "New England Courant," the first newspaper that is independent from British colonization.

Archimedes

(287 SM sampai 212 SM)

(Archimedes screw)

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Archimedes is famous for his theories about the relationship between surface and volume of a sphere to cylinder. He is also known as the theory and formula of the principle of Hydrostatic and equipment to raise the water - 'Archimedes Screw' or Archimedes screw, which is still widely used in developing countries. While the lever or ungkitan been discovered long before the birth of Archimedes, Archimedes who developed the theory to calculate the load required to lever it. Archimedes was also ranked as one of the ancient mathematician and is the best and greatest of his era.Archimedes' calculation of accurate about the ball arches made in the mathematical constant Pi or π.

Archimedes was born in the year 287 BC in a port city of Syracuse, Sicily (Italy now). In his youth, Archimedes is expected to get his education in Alexandria, Egypt.

Alexander Graham Bell

(3 Maret 1847 - 1922)

(Telephone)

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Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922) was the discoverer of America and teaching for the deaf, and he was known as the inventor of the telephone (telephone).

No how can formal education, but taught well by his family and taught himself, that's Happenings telephone inventor Alexander Graham Bell who was born in 1847 in Edinburgh, Scotland. Interests Bell reproduce vowel sounds arise naturally because her father is an expert in vocal physiology, improve speech and teaching of the deaf.

Alexander Fleming

(August 6, 1881 - March 11, 1955)

(Penicillin)

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Sir Alexander Fleming was the man known as the inventor of penicillin (an antibiotic to fight bacteria).

Fleming went to Loudoun Moor School and Darvel School, and then for two years he went to Kilmarnock Academy. After working in an office delivery service for four years, Fleming who was 20 years old then inherited some property from his uncle.Fleming's brother, who was a doctor suggested that his younger brother following in the footsteps of his career, so that in 1901 Alexander Fleming then enrolled at St.Mary's, London. He then obtain a special qualification for the school in 1906 with an option to be a surgeon.